Malaria

Tanzania, including Zanzibar and all mainland safari destinations, is a malaria-risk zone. Malaria is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito and can be serious if untreated. It is strongly recommended that all visitors consult a travel medicine doctor or GP about malaria prophylaxis before travel. Common prophylactic medications include Doxycycline, Malarone (Atovaquone/Proguanil) and Lariam (Mefloquine). Each has different side effects, costs and regimens — professional medical advice is essential.

In addition to medication, practical precautions reduce risk significantly: use DEET-based insect repellent (30%+), wear long sleeves and trousers after dusk, sleep under a mosquito net, and use mosquito coils or room sprays where available.

Yellow Fever

Tanzania requires proof of yellow fever vaccination if you are arriving from a yellow fever-endemic country (most of sub-Saharan Africa, parts of South America). A valid International Certificate of Vaccination (yellow card) must be presented at immigration. If you do not have a certificate, you may be denied entry or vaccinated at your cost at the border. Check requirements for your specific origin country and travel history.

Recommended Vaccinations

The following vaccinations are generally recommended for travel to Tanzania, though personal health circumstances vary — consult your doctor:

  • Hepatitis A — Strongly recommended for all travellers.
  • Hepatitis B — Recommended, particularly for longer stays.
  • Typhoid — Recommended, especially if eating outside major hotels.
  • Tetanus — Ensure up to date (within 10 years).
  • Rabies — Considered for those spending extended time in rural areas or with significant wildlife exposure.
  • Meningitis — Recommended for longer stays and overland travel.

Water and Food Safety

Drink bottled or purified water throughout Tanzania. Do not drink tap water. Ice in drinks should be confirmed as made from purified water. All meals on our safaris are prepared using safe water and follow hygiene standards. Fruit and vegetables at reputable hotels and lodges are generally safe.

Medical Facilities

Medical facilities in Zanzibar (Zanzibar Town) are adequate for minor issues. Serious medical emergencies may require evacuation to Dar es Salaam or Nairobi. Flying Doctors emergency insurance (AMREF) provides air evacuation cover — see our Flying Doctors guide for details. We strongly advise all safari guests to have comprehensive travel insurance with medical and evacuation cover.

Sun and Heat

Tanzania's equatorial sun is intense year-round. Use SPF 30+ sunscreen, cover up in the midday heat, wear a wide-brim hat, and drink plenty of water. Heat exhaustion is a risk, particularly during long game drives in open vehicles. Stay hydrated — we provide unlimited water throughout all safaris.